One: What is LED

After the development process of incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp, and LED, LED has the advantages of low energy consumption, high brightness, mercury-free and non-toxic, long life, instantaneous start-up, and strong plasticity, and has replaced the traditional light source.

The so-called LED is the abbreviation of Light Emitting Diode, that is, light-emitting diode, which is a semiconductor light-emitting material, when a forward voltage is added to both ends, the carriers in the semiconductor are recombined to cause photon emission and produce light. LEDs can directly emit red, yellow, blue, green, cyan, orange, purple, and white light.

SMD SMD lamp beads
2: The structure of LED lamp beads

Schematic diagram of the structure of LED lamp beads
1. An LED light source is composed of a bracket, a chip, a glue, a phosphor and a wire

2. The LED bracket is generally made of copper (there are also iron, aluminum and ceramics, etc.), because the conductivity of copper is very good, and there will be leads inside it to connect the electrodes inside the LED lamp beads.

3. The high-end light source wires are made of 0.999 pure gold wire, and the diameter is mostly 0.8mil and 1.0mil. Some manufacturers who pursue low prices use copper-doped alloy wires to do it.

4. Phosphor plays a role in adjusting the color temperature of the light source.

5. Common mid-to-high-end chips are: CREE (Kerui) and Bridgelux (Purui); Nichia of Japan and Osram of Germany; Taiwan: Jingyuan.

Wafer & amp; amp; Corina
Low-end chips: Guangjia, Taigu, Guanghong, New Century, Yiguang, Baihong, Guanglei; Chinese mainland: Mulinsen, Xiamen San'an, Shanghai Blu-ray, Shilan Mingxin, Dalian Lumei....... (The mainland now mainly uses Taiwanese chips)

After the LED lamp beads are encapsulated and formed, the lamp beads can be removed from the bracket, and the copper feet at both ends of the lamp beads become the positive and negative poles of the lamp beads, which are used to weld to LED lamps or other LED products.

Three: common LED light source

The LED models that are often circulating on the market are 2835, 5050, 5730, 5630, 3030, 4040, 7030 and integrated COB and high-power lamp beads, the light source model is named after the length and width of the patch, taking the SMD patch as an example, the following figure is 2835 patch, that is, width 2.8 length 3.5, this kind of light source is often used in LED bulbs, downlights, spotlights, ceiling lights, light strips, lamps and so on. The power of each piece is about 0.1W-1W

SMD2835 patches
High-power lamp beads are commonly used in 1W, 2W, and 3W each, and are often used in spotlights and outdoor lamps.

High-power LED lamp beads
COB integrated light sources are commonly 5-50W each, and are often used in high-power lamps such as spotlights, track lights and floodlights.

COB integrated light source
Four: often said LED parameter indicators

1. Color temperature: indicates a unit of measurement of the color component contained in the light, the unit K (Kelvin), the smaller the value, the more red the color, the larger the value, the more blue the color, the middle value is white, the normal use of the light color range of about 3000K-6500K, that is, warm white light and positive white light, now the most popular neutral light is about 4000K, (the inferior light source color difference is very large, common warm white light red, positive white light blue)